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WILLIS 


IMPROVED CHART 


Recording a Delineation of Character, 


PHRENOLOGY, PHYSIOGNOMY, 

AND 

PHYSIOLOGY. 


PROF. _A. IB. WILLIS. 


CHICAGO: 

CAMERON, -AlMBEIiGr & CO. 
1880. 








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\ 



WILLIS 


IMPROVED CHART 

FOR 

Recording a Delineation of Character, 

AS DISCERNED BY THE AID OF 


PHRENOLOGY, PHYSIOGNOMY, 
PHYSIOLOGY. 


PR OF 1 . -A.. EL WILLIS. 


CHICAGO: 

CAMERON, .AJVH3ER.Gr < 



CO. 








KNOW THYSELF, 


KNOWLEDGE IS POWER; THEREFORE PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE 
IS PERSONAL POWER. 


Do you desire to moke the most of yourself ? Then you must 
know yourself physically and mentally. 

Would you control others ? Then first conquer and control 
yourself; to do that, requires a thorough knowledge of yourself, 

Are you aiming to shine in society ? You must be wide-awake, 
bright, amiable and healthy; a knowledge of yourself will tell 
you how to attain these qualities. 

Is accumulation of wealth your object ? Then, knowledge is 
ivealth; and a knowledge of yourself is the royal road to success. 




Willis’ New and Revised Chart. 


HOW TO KNOW YOURSELF. 


There are two ways of knowing yourself: first, by self-investi¬ 
gation; second, by the aid of science. Your own ideas will only 
partly instruct you in regard to your own character and talents. 
In nearly every case, one will either overestimate or undervalue 
their own abilities. There are excesses and deficiencies in human 
character that are not personally observed, unless brought to light 
by the aid of science. 

There are many persons who scarcely know what business to 
follow, or in what branch of industry they will be most successful. 
It is the province of phrenology, physiognomy and physiology com¬ 
bined to show the inquirer the class or kind of business he is best 
suited for. But, in addition to phrenology, he should likewise use 
his own taste. Follow the advice of a good practical phrenologist, 
together with the natural inclinations of your mind, and you will 
have little or no difficulty in finding your exact calling in life. 

How many there are who make money easy, and lose it just 
about as easy as they made it. They do not dissipate, or inten¬ 
tionally spend it in any way foolishly, and yet it slips through their 
hands some way, and they hardly know how. A gentleman whom 
I examined gave me just such an experience, unsolicited—stating 
that phrenology had been the means of saving him hundreds of 
dollars. There are others, again, who might make plenty of 
money, yet only average small incomes, simply because they do 
not use their talents in the right direction. 

Some are qualified for a brilliant literary career who are wasting 
their time and energy where they will never amount to anything: 
they have plenty of brains, but do not use them. Others, again, 
are using their brains far too much—more than their vitality will 



5 


permit; thus hastening on to an early grave. They may be 
brilliant for awhile, but lack power; and all their literary genius 
will be like the glory and fragrance of the rose, that endures for a 
short season, and then passes away: whereas, did they cultivate 
body and mind together, they would be more like the solid oak, 
towering up in majestic grandeur above their fellow-men. 

Parents should know what the natural tendencies of their 
children are. Thousands of persons who have led reckless lives, 
and ultimately gone to ruin, might have been saved had their pas¬ 
sions been subdued in youth by proper culture. Parents too often 
think they know all about their offspring; but, alas, they do not 
observe the smouldering fire of passion till it has burst out beyond 
control. Sometimes passions lie dormant until the individual 
arrives almost at maturity, and then gradually, but surely, develop, 
moulding and blasting the future character; or, if circumstances 
place strong temptations in the way, they may suddenly spring 
into action, and change the character that was apparently good 
and noble, into one of crime and ruin. Some children are preco¬ 
cious, and should not, under any consideration, be sent to school 
till somewhat advanced in years. Others can stand all the school¬ 
ing you choose to give them, without any danger of injuring either 
mind or body, unless it be their teachers’. 

Thousands of people marry wrong, and live unhappy lives, 
which might be avoided were they guided purely by love and 
science, instead of money, position, home, and blind love. There 
are two great evils often connected with marriage, resulting from 
the violation of two great principles in human nature: The first is 
marrying where mental and moral harmony does not exist between 
the two, the result of which often ends in divorce; the second is 
where the physiological conditions or temperaments are similar in 
each—the result of this evil is that the children of such parents 
are sickly, diseased, and often die off early. The world is full of the 
victims of hereditary disease, caused by the violation of this 
physiological principle. And yet people say—when they see two, 
three, or more, children taken from a family, one after the other— 
that the Lord has taken them away. How ridiculous ! and what 
mockery for people to persistently transgress the laws of nature, 
which are God’s laws, and then attribute the consequences to Him! 


APPLICATION OF PHRENOLOGY. 


I DO not know of anything connected with man’s health, 
talents, character, business, happiness—in fact, everything per¬ 
taining to his career in life — to which phrenology cannot be 
successfully applied; neither do I know of anything where it is not 
necessary. The man who hires a clerk or employe, for any pur¬ 
pose, would find it to his advantage to know something about the 
private as well as general character of that individual. And the 
employe would likewise find it to his advantage and convenience 
to know a little more about his employer’s traits of character than 
he generally does. The salesman would.better understand how to 
deal with customers, and the purchaser how to bargain with the 
seller, did they better understand human nature, and consequently 
each other. 

But there are two ways especially in which I believe phren¬ 
ology will some day be applied, and I hope that day is not far 
distant. One is that parents will deem it an imperative duty to 
leave to their children a full and detailed phrenological description 
of their heads—a mental picture—so that their offspring may know 
wherein they resemble their ancestors; and, by comparing the 
charts with the life or character of their parents, they will better 
understand their own peculiarities, their excesses and deficiencies, 
and their natural tendencies. What an amount of practical 
knowledge and a blessing this would be to every son and daughter! 
And what would some persons not give to know more about those 
who brought them into the world, but, through death, left them in 
early life, so that they had no opportunity to know them mentally? 
Could there be any greater pleasure and interest growing out of 
family relationship than for people to be able to trace back to their 
grandparents and great-grandparents their temperaments and 
mental characteristics, and thus be able, by comparison, to see 
wherein they resemble them, and what conditions of character 
they have inherited, to a certain extent, from their fathers’ ances¬ 
tors and likewise from their mothers’? This would be a blessing 
hitherto unknown to the human race, and the benefits of which 
none can predict. They could likewise see wherein their ancestors 
had been properly or improperly mated — learn the relation 


7 


which the temperaments sustain to each other in marriage, and 
thus know the best combination favorable to bright, healthy off¬ 
spring. So, by a comparison of the phrenological organs, they 
could learn why some parents were unhappy in their union. This 
would be a lesson of great practical importance, because to know 
the mistakes of others, is to know how to avoid failures ourselves. 

The second application of phrenology is in the proper selection 
of a conjugal companion. What is the law to be observed in mar¬ 
riage ? Just this: Marry one whose heart and spiritual nature is in 
harmony with your own, but whose temperament is different. 
Violate this law, and you will certainly bring misery upon youself 
and partner, and entail sickness and early death on your posterity. 

But there is another reason why persons should consult phren- 
ology or a phrenologist in regard to marriage. Modern courtship 
is a farce, a sham, a deception, a lie. The object of courtship 
should be for the two parties to become familiar with and 
thoroughly understand each other’s peculiarity of mind and charac¬ 
ter, ways and habits, so as to enable them to judge whether they 
can love each other constantly, and thus live happily together. 
Do they do this ? Perhaps one couple out of a thousand may; but 
the great majority conceal all objectionable traits of character, and 
reveal only the most pleasing and fascinating. The object of each 
is merely to try and win or capture the other; and very often all 
kinds of devices are resorted to for accomplishing this purpose. 
As marrying is the most important event in one’s life, every pre¬ 
caution should be taken to insure success and guard against being 
mistaken. 


BENEFIT OF PHRENOLOGY. 


The study of phrenology and physiognomy is the most im¬ 
portant, useful and interesting study in the world. Only those 
who have made it a study, and followed its teachings far enough 
and long enough to be benefited by it, can possibly understand its 
value to mankind, individually and collectively. There is no 
science or pursuit of knowledge the investigation and acquisition 
of which will better develop the intellectual faculties, especially the 
perceptives, which render men practical and impart a matter-of- 
fact, common-sense cast of mind, able to apply itself to almost any 
calling in life. So that, apart from its intrinsic value as a means of 
knowledge, it is particularly beneficial, even essential, to the devel¬ 
opment of the most important powers of the mind, and necessary 
to the successful accomplishment of every enterprise and transac¬ 
tion, whether it be of a business, social or religious nature. 

I hold, therefore, that every man, woman and child should have 
a general knowledge of phrenology and physiognomy, and espe¬ 
cially should ministers and teachers understand it, so that they 
might know better how to deal with human nature, and the more 
easily reach the mind and heart. 

Every person should likewise have a chart of his head. A 
picture of the mind and character is really of greater importance 
and value than a picture of the face. To know wherein we are 
deficient and excessive is an imperative duty devolving upon every 
person who would make the most of himself or herself, and fulfill 
the grand object of life. Our own perceptions aud conceptions of 
our personal character, nature and ability, are only partial, and 
therefore imperfect. It requires some standard or rule by which we 
can measure—by which we can determine—the actual and relative 
strength of all our faculties ; not only in their individual and col¬ 
lective relation to each other, but in their relation to the capacity 
of the same faculties in other minds. When people assert that 
they know all about themselves, or more than any one else can tell 
them, they not only show their ignorance of themselves, but also 
how little they know about a science that, when applied, can reveal 
to them more of the inner man than they ever thought of. 



9 


Why spend half a lifetime trying to find out what calling in life 
you are best adapted for, when phrenology will point out your 
course before you commence ? 

Why train and educate children wrongfully, through ignorance 
of their physiological and mental nature, when a good practical 
phrenologist can tell you more in ten minutes, about their hidden 
traits of character and natural tendencies, than parents will learn 
in ten years ? 

Why plunge into a matrimonial hell, when phrenological advice 
might have put you into a matrimonial heaven ? Why marry 
through ignorance of physiological principles or laws, and have 
your children die before they are twenty or thirty years of age, 
when proper marriage would have given long-lived sons and 
daughters ? Why bring or transmit weak, sickly, passionate, dull, 
half-idiotic specimens of humanity, when parents might just as 
well be the progenitors of strong, healthy, moral, bright and intel¬ 
lectual children, who will be the joy and pride of their parents, and 
a blessing to the world ? 

I shall be pleased to make examinations and fill out charts for 
any who may desire them. Those who cannot reach me personally 
can have a description by sending two well-defined photographs— 
a front view and a direct side view ; also stating the color of the 
hair and eyes. Prefer to have pictures from negatives not re¬ 
touched, as the likeness is often changed, so many of the lines of 
the face being worked out in retouching the negative. Any other 
statements the person sending a photograph may wish to mention, 
such as age, height, etc., will be acceptable. 


PRINCIPLES OF PHRENOLOGY. 


PHRENOLOGY reveals character by the form of the head and the 
size of its organs ; and is the parent of physiognomy. 

PHYSIOGNOMY reveals character by the shape and size of the 
features and the expression of the countenance. 

I ask the reader’s careful consideration of the following prin¬ 
ciples : 

1. The brain is the organ of the mind, spirit and soul. 

2. The brain is a plurality of organs; one or more of them can 
be exercised, or brought into action, independent of the others; 
each, however, being in sympathy with the others, and ail sustain¬ 
ing a mutual relation. 

3. The temperaments form the basis of human character, and 
determine the nature or direction of the organs. 

4. The size of any organ or head indicates its power. 

5. Any organ can be increased by exercise and decreased by 
non-exercise. 

6. The quality and fineness of the organs and features deter¬ 
mine the character and ability, activity and brilliancy of the mind. 

7. The perfection of man’s entire character—religious, moral, 
intellectual and commercial—depends upon the equality of all the 
organs and temperaments, and their even and proper exercise. 

8. The depth of th« convolutions of the brain is the measure 
of the amount of mind—the index of genius. 

*9. Whatever organ is most active at the time determines the 
action of the will at that time ; and whatever organ or organs are 
the largest and most active constantly determines the general char¬ 
acter. 



10. The constant and intense exercise of one or a group of 
faculties, to the entire neglect of all the others, will in time pro¬ 
duce insanity. 

11. Individual character is partially hereditary, and partially 
developed by education. 

12. The healthy action of the organs of the brain will depend 
upon the healthy action of the organs of the body. 

13. Diversity is a law of nature, and no two persons are, or can 
be, precisely alike in every particular : so, no two persons can, in 
the nature of things, think, feel and act just alike. Hence, grow¬ 
ing out of this law, phrenology recognizes as the birthright of 
every individual, liberty of person, thought, conscience and will, 
providing such liberty does not injure the person or morality of 
any other being, or conflict with the laws of God. 


DEFINITION 


OF THE 

Phrenological Organs and Temperaments. 


PHRENOLOGY, PHYSIOGNOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. 


No two persons are exactly alike, either in appearance or 
character. This diversity arises from the endless combination of 
the* organs of the mind and body. When the intellectual and 
moral organs have the ascendancy over all the other organs of the 
system, or, in other words, where the upper portion of the brain 
is most largely developed, it gives rise to what phrenologists call 
the mental or nervous temperament. When the vital organs of 
the body are the largest and most active, they form the vital 
temperament ; and when the bones and muscles are predominant 
they constitute the motive temperament. Some phrenologists, 
however, divide these temperaments, and make four of them ; 
the vital, they call the sanguine and lymphatic, and the motive or 
bilious, they name osseous and fibrous. There are other conditions 
which depend on the combination of the mental and physical 
organs and heat of the body, which some call emotional, passional 
and caloric temperaments. 

In preparing this' chart, I thought it best to use both these 
classifications of the temperaments, as it seems to me impossible 
to describe the majority of persons by either of them alone, though 
it is not necessary to use or mark both in describing one person, 
but to simply select those temperaments most suitable to the 
subject. 

It is the combination of the phrenological organs, with the 
temperaments and organic quality, that make up our character and 
talents, and determine our course through life ; and he only can 
be a successful phrenologist who has the ability to discern the 
harmony and proportion that these three conditions bear to each 
other. 




13 


It is the desire of the Examiner that the receiver of this chart 
should carefully study its contents. Analyze your own thoughts, 
feelings, desires and ability with an impartial and unprejudiced 
spirit, compare your ideas with this description, and modify them 
by it, and you will have a correct impression of just what you are, 
or ought to be. 


THE ORGANS AND TEMPERAMENTS. 


Organic Quality.— 

Quality of the organs ; fine grained, organic purity, fineness, 
goodness and sensitiveness ; that kind of angelic nature which 
makes the true man and woman, and lifts them up far above the 
common and gross things of life. Great intensity of feeling, suffer 
and enjoy in the extreme, are much affected by excess of heat or 
cold, especially the latter. Very susceptible to physical and men¬ 
tal impressions ; naturally inclined to a moral and religious life. 
Not likely to experience any sudden miraculous change of character 
in conversion, but early receive the truth, and gradually form a 
Christian character. Will constantly aspire to something higher 
and nobler. Will ascend, rather than descend, in moral and intel¬ 
lectual character. 

Health.— 

Present condition of the body and mind. 

Masculine and Feminine Temperaments.— 

The names of these temperaments or conditions suggest their 
meaning. They arise principally from the tenor and quality of the 
mind, and partially from some physiological principle. Like all 
other temperaments, they are inherited and not acquired. A 
woman having the masculine temperament predominant will be 
strong-minded, lacking that fine and delicate structure of the body, 
that gentle, affectionate, confiding, pathetic, and sympathetic state 
of heart and mind so characteristic of the true woman. She will 
be public-spirited, interest herself in politics, law or medicine ; 
aspire to occupations and positions belonging to men ; believe in 
agitating woman’s rights, and very often possessed of a mean 
nature ; in fact, her sentiments are neither purely masculine nor 
feminine, but a sort of compound mixture, which the world cannot 
fully understand, much less appreciate. When a man has the 




14 


feminine temperament predominant, he is, plainly speaking, no 
man at all ; he lacks force and energy of character, and is too 
effeminate to accomplish much. He will be refined and genteel, 
and find employment in some office or business that is light or 
tasty. Will be considerable of a lady’s man, or, at least, will try to 
be, but such a man rarely, if ever, accomplishes any great work. 

Vital Temperament.— 

This embraces the entire system of internal organs which 
create life force (the heart, lungs, stomach, liver and bowels), and 
renders persons large and fleshy. 

Motive or Bilious Temperament.— 

This temperament indicates the bones and muscles which con¬ 
stitute the frame-work of the system, gives toughness, muscular 
power, physical endurance, and great strength of character; 
generally imparts a dark complexion. 

Mental Temperament.— 

Embraces the brain and nerves. Adapted to thought, feeling, 
activity, sensation, predominance of mind over body; makes the 
scholar, poet, artist, etc. 

Sanguine Temperament.— 

Arises from the predominance of the chest and arterial circula¬ 
tory system ; gives powerful respiration and arterial blood, great 
love of physical action, impulsiveness, ardency, warmth of attach¬ 
ment, and love of field sports ; imparts an auburn or reddish color 
to the hair, and florid complexion. 

Lymphatic Temperament.— 

Indicates activity of the absorbents and digestive organs, aver¬ 
sion to motion and labor. Inactive mind and body. Laziness. 

Nervous Temperament.— 

Is similar to the mental. A person, however, may be nervous, 
sensitive to all kinds of impressions, and full of activity, with¬ 
out manifesting much intellectual power. He may likewise be a 
thinker, and possess considerable brain, without being nervous and 
irritable. 

Muscular and Fibrous Temperament.— 

Indicates large, powerful muscles, physical toughness, tenacity 
of existence, strong and steady pulse, hardness of flesh, and great 
strength of both body and mind. 


i5 


Osseous Temperament.— 

Represents the bony structure of the system ; gives a large 
frame, and renders a person somewhat awkward in movement. 
Muscles give strength, bones great physical endurance, the camel 
being a good illustration of the latter and the lion of the former. 
Also imparts general honesty and solidity of character. 

Emotional.— 

Excitability. It is the hysterical, weeping, laughing, hopeful, 
quick-tempered and scolding disposition. Intensity of feeling ; 
keen susceptibilities, and quick or sharp mentally. 

Passional Temperament.— 

This is partly a combination of other temperaments. It indi¬ 
cates large and actiye propensities; hot-blooded, passionate, 
voluptuous ; fond of sensual pleasures ; inclined to evil habits and 
a wicked life. 

Caloric Temperament.— 

Warm-blooded ; ability to withstand cold, and throw off disease. 
Activity.— 

Quickness, speed, ease of action, liveliness. A person having 
activity, combined with a mental temperament, will be very quick 
to perceive, think, feel, act and speak. 

Locomotion.— 

Love of action, desire to move about; restlessness, dislike to 
remain in one position long, and are constantly moving the hands, 
feet or head, even when seated ; excel in walking or running a 
race, providing the heart and lungs are good. 

Veneration.— 

Reverence, submission, Christian charity, devotion, worship ; 
prayerful; respect for old age, the Deity, and everything that is 
sacred ; love for the souls of men, the missionary spirit. Excessive 
or perverted, it leads to fanaticism, bigotry, idolatry, religious 
intolerance. 

Spirituality.— 

Faith, the ability or disposition to believe a statement without 
positive evidence, the opposite of suspicion ; internal light ; desire 
for wonderful and extravagant news; belief in the future, perception 
of truth ; forewarning, foreknowledge, the vision and prophetic 
faculty; that which brings man in contact with the spiritual world; 


i6 


imparts the true spirit of prayer. Without faith this would be a 
hard world to live in, because men would have no confidence in 
each other, they would be controlled by suspicion, and suspect 
and surmise all sorts of things about each other without any reason 
for so doing, would treat every stranger as a rogue till they found 
him honest. Perverted : superstition, and belief in omens ; with 
large cautiousness and average intellect, fear of ghosts. 

Hope.— 

Expectation, cheerfulness, buoyancy, joy, enterprise, high glee. 
It is the anchor of the soul, and, united with spirituality, makes 
man believe in a future existence, and, with the addition of vita- 
tiveness, long for and desire it. Perverted : builds castles in the 
air, and runs great risks in business. 

Conscientiousness.— 

Justice, honesty, equity, moral principle ; love of truth ; innate 
sense of accountability and obligation, regard for duty ; sense of 
guilt, penitence, contrition, desire to reform ; disposition to do 
what one believes is right and avoid what is wrong ; with appro- 
bativeness and ideality, will have a strong desire for moral purity ; 
with large firmness and combativeness, will stick to the truth, even 
unto death. Perverted : will censure one’s self for trifling things, 
and, with deficient acquisitiveness, will lack self-justice, and fail to 
collect what is due. 

Firmness.— 

Tenacity of will, stability, decision, perseverance, resolution, 
fixedness of purpose, aversion to change ; the faculty’from which 
springs what metaphysicians call will, which, in connection with 
the intellect, gives the power to choose, select or refuse, and, if 
properly used, enables man to control his passions and regulate 
his entire character ; with veneration, will have a disposition to 
retain old things, such as furniture, relics, buildings, monuments, 
time-honored usages, ceremonies, institutions and forms of govern¬ 
ment. Perverted : obstinacy, stubbornness, unwillingness to 
change, even when reason requires. 

Approbativeness.— 

Desire to be praised, love of admiration, aversion to criticism, 
sensitiveness, pride of character ; ambition, display, desire to excel ; 
sense of honor ; desire and love to appear to the best advantage ; 
apt to exaggerate in giving a description of anything, and is fre¬ 
quently the cause of lying; with ideality, will love dress and 


1 7 


fashion ; with only average perceptive faculties, will drink in flat¬ 
tery like water. Perverted : conceit, vanity, affectation, a craving 
for pleasing comment and praise, excess of fashion, ceremonious¬ 
ness, outside display, desire to do things on too large a scale, 
especially if hope is large, eagerness for popularity, and, with self¬ 
esteem, aristocracy and pomposity. 

Self-esteem.— 

Self-respect, dignity, independence, self-appreciation, self- 
reliance, self-satisfaction and complacency; self-elevating, lofty- 
mindedness, manliness, ruling instinct. Self-esteem enables a man 
to make the most of himself, without it he will pass through the 
world for less than he is worth. Perverted : egotism, haughtiness, 
forwardness, tyranny, superciliousness, imperiousness, contempt 
and selfishness. 

Benevolence.— 

Kindness, sympathy, generosity, philanthropy, liberality, and, 
with adhesiveness, the accommodating, neighborly spirit ; that 
which makes persons care for the wants and sufferings of others. 
Perverted : places too much confidence in human nature, misplaced 
sympathies ; with small conscientiousness, liable to give away what 
belongs to others. Insanity is frequently caused through an excess 
of this faculty. 

Ideality.— 

Love of the beautiful wherever it exists ; refinement, purity, 
cleanliness, taste, elegance, sense of propriety ; imagination, the 
poetic and artistic faculty. Perverted : too much of the ideal, and 
not enough of real, practical life ; extra nice, fastidiousness. 

Sublimity.— 

Splendor ; love of things that are majestic and romantic ; per¬ 
ception and appreciation of the vast, illimitable, endless, omnipo¬ 
tent and infinite ; enjoy mountain scenery, cataracts, conflagrations, 
sea-storms, thunder, lightning, roar of cannon, conflict of armies, 
and everything that is wild, terrific and awful. Perverted : in 
writing or speaking are liable to use exaggerated and high-sound¬ 
ing words and metaphorical expressions. 

Imitation.— 

Assimilation, conformity, copying, patterning, mimicking, ability 
to assume and act the character of another with only average 
causality, will adopt the ideas, sentiments, plans, style and dress of 


i8 


others. Perverted : will adopt bad habits, and follow the evil 
example of others ; with perverted approbativeness, are liable to 
assume other person’s names and characters, claim relationship to 
or personate those who are superior in rank, wealth and ability. 
Children having this faculty large will do what their parents do, 
whether it be good or evil. We learn to talk through this faculty. 
It helps to form Christian character ; skeptics are generally deficient 
in it. 

Human Nature.— 

Knowledge that comes to one instantaneously without reason¬ 
ing ; intuitive perception of character and motives ; the ability to 
read, from the countenance, the disposition and moral state at first 
sight ; discernment of motives ; love of whatever pertains to 
human life and nature ; with good perceptive faculties and secret¬ 
iveness, make good detectives and policemen ; with good intel¬ 
lect, will not be very easily imposed upon. Perverted: it pro¬ 
duces suspicion, lack of confidence, personal prejudice ; with large 
perceptives and mirthfulness, offensive criticism of character ; with 
agreeableness, approbativeness and secretiveness, are liable to be 
confidence men, are full of flattery, will palaver and oil their vic¬ 
tims, like serpents, just before they swallow them. 

Agreeableness.— 

Affability, pleasantness, blandness, persuasiveness, ability to 
please and win others ; fascinating in manners and conversation ; 
with amativeness and adhesiveness, will be very polite and accom¬ 
modating to persons of the opposite sex, and gain many friends 
among them ; tendency to speak and act in a mellow, persuasive 
manner ; can say disagreeable things pleasantly. Perverted : pre¬ 
tend to be more agreeable and pleased than they really are, and, 
with approbativeness, are full of blarney and flattery. 

Adhesiveness.— 

Friendship, sociability, companionship, desire to form acquaint¬ 
ance, love of society ; warm-hearted, affectionate, confiding, and 
devoted to the interest of friends ; with benevolence, will manifest 
hospitality, and readily aid others. Perverted/, undue fondness for 
friends and company; apt to idolize; cannot, or will not, see their 
faults and imperfections; apt to become surety for others. 

Cautiousness.— 

Prudence, carefulness, watchfulness, provision against want and 
danger ; anxiety, security, apprehension, protection, solicitude. 


9 


Perverted : are afraid to venture or go ahead, easily worried over 
small matters, over-anxiety and fear about accidents, irresolution, 
timidity, procrastination ; with perverted human nature, acquisi¬ 
tiveness and small hope, will get into a state of mind that produces 
fright and panic ; this will readily explain how financial panics are 
caused. 

Continuity.— 

Consecutiveness and connectedness of thought and feeling; 
one thing at a time ; patience, prolixity ; not fickle-minded ; the 
ability to concentrate the mind or will upon anything till com¬ 
pleted. Perverted : are tedious, wearisome, dwell too long upon 
one thing ; become monotonous; if a public speaker, will exhaust 
the patience of his hearers by long discourses. When this faculty 
is small, and the nervous temperament large, it will make persons 
about as restless and uneasy as a hungry wolf, and when venera¬ 
tion is small, they are apt, as thousands of disrespectful persons 
do, get up and leave a church or public hall before the meeting 
is over. 

INHABITIVENESS.— 

The home feeling, attachment to a place or a house where one 
was born or has lived ; desire to locate, instead of traveling ; love 
of country. Perverted: prejudice against other places and coun¬ 
tries. 

Constructiveness.— 

The ability to use tools, make and construct things ; the me¬ 
chanical and manufacturing talent ; ability to construct sentences ; 
with causality, will be inventive ; with imitation, will work after a 
pattern. Perverted : will waste time and money making useless 
articles. 

Amativeness.— 

Love for the opposite sex, sexuality, passion ; it creates in each 
sex admiration and love for the other ; renders woman charming, 
winning, persuasive, urbane and affectionate ; and makes man 
tender-hearted, noble, gallant, elevated in aspiration, and highly 
susceptible to female charms. It is also the motive and impulsive 
power that urges men along the highway of life. Perverted : it 
becomes a mere animal feeling, and changes love into lust, occa¬ 
sions grossness, vulgarity, licentiousness, obscenity, prostitution, 
and a feverish state of mind ; changeable in their treatment of the 
opposite sex, sometimes caressing, and sometimes abusing. Ex- 


20 


cessive and unholy love is the cause of most of the sin and misery 
that curse mankind. , 

Conjugality.— 

Love for one, union for life, first love, attachment to one con¬ 
genial partner, fidelity, duality and exclusiveness of love ; desire 
to caress and kiss ; the disposition to concentrate the whole heart 
upon one person, with the desire that they, in return, will do like¬ 
wise. Persons who have this faculty large, with ideality and the 
organic quality, will find very few congenial companions — should 
be careful not to misplace their affections. Perverted : idolatrous 
love, too much devotion and worship; jealousy, envy toward love 
rivals ; if disappointed, a broken heart and ruin for life. 

Ardor.— 

Intensity ol the affections, ebullition of feeling, voluntariness, 
impulsiveness, eagerness. When very large or perverted, it renders 
a person so passionate for the opposite sex as to lose self-control. 

Parental Love.— 

Attachment to one’s own offspring, love of children generally, 
fondness for pet animals, desire for the society of children ; with 
mirthfulness and adhesiveness, will play much with children, amuse 
them, be a friend to them, make friends of them, and win their 
affections ; with benevolence and constructiveness, will not only 
give, but make, many playthings for them ; with combativeness, 
will readily take the part of children, and, with destructiveness 
added, will defend their lives, in times of danger, with unyielding 
energy. Perverted : excessive indulgence, idolize and spoil them ; 
cannot or will not see their faults, hence fail to correct them ; with 
approbativeness and self-esteem, are full of parental vanity and 
conceit, think their own children much smarter than, and superior 
to, other people’s. 

Combativeness.— 

Resistance, defense, opposition, attack, defiance, boldness, 
courage, self-protection; presence of mind in times of danger ; the 
ability and desire to encounter and overcome obstacles; disposition 
to be aggressive ; with adhesiveness, will defend the interest or 
character of friends ; with conscientiousness, will vigorously prose¬ 
cute the right and oppose the wrong. Perverted : contentious, 
contrary, ill-natured ; the fault-finding and fighting disposition ; 
with disordered nerves, are peevish, fretful, irritable and dissatis- 


2 


fied ; with destructiveness large and deficient moral faculties, will 
be hateful, bitter, quarrelsome and desperate when provoked. 

Destructiveness.— 

Executiveness, managing talent, force of character, severity, 
extermination; imparts the desire and force necessary to carry out 
thoughts, plans or intentions ; the go-through, break, crush, tear- 
down* spirit ; ability to endure pain, and, with constructiveness, 
perform surgical and dental operations. This is a good faculty 
when used in connection with the moral and intellectual faculties ; 
but when they are deficient, it is one of the worst in man’s mental 
organization ; it gives place to wrath, revenge, malice, and a dis¬ 
position to kill and destroy whatever is offensive ; with approba- 
tiveness and self-esteem, will seek to avenge a personal wrong by 
fighting a duel ; but, with large secretiveness and combativeness, 
will be liable to commit a premeditated and mysterious murder ; if 
combativeness, excitability and the passional temperament accom¬ 
pany excessive destructiveness, its possessor may dispose of his 
victim about as quickly as he knows how — men of this stamp 
should never use stimulants of any kind. 

Secretiveness.— 

Policy, management, discretion, reserve, evasion, cunning, 
ability to restrain feeling, concealment ; tactical, shrewd, cautious¬ 
ness in the expression of words and actions ; with large cautious¬ 
ness, are hard to be found out ; with large conscientiousness, will 
be honest in purpose, yet resort to many little cunning devices — 
are equivocal, may not tell a direct lie, nor speak the plain truth, 
but evade pointed questions ; with large approbativeness, are liable 
to sail under false colors ; if in business, will take care not to show 
any defects in goods. Perverted : lying, deception, sly, crafty, 
double-dealing, insincerity, hypocrisy ; with perverted amativeness, 
and deficient conscientiousness, will pretend to make love, and 
resort to all sorts of intrigues to win the affections of the opposite 
sex and accomplish their purpose. Love to deceive those the most 
who distrust them, get all they can out of others, but cover up their 
own intentions. May lie to get the truth out of others, and the 
second time they tell a lie are apt to think it is the truth them¬ 
selves. 

Acquisitiveness.— 

Accumulation of money or property ; frugality, economy, desire , 
to own, love of trading and speculating, inclination to save, and 


22 


lay up for future need. Perverted : avaricious, miserly, grasping, 
mean, selfish and stingy ; with large secretiveness and average 
conscientiousness, will make money anyhow—over-praise and sell 
poor articles for good ones ; with small self-esteem and generosity, 
are mean in dealing, stick for the half-cent ; with large hope and 
not much cautiousness, embark too deep in business, run great 
risks and are liable to fail ; with large secretiveness added, will buy 
more than can be paid for ; pay in promises rather than money. 

Mirthfulness.— 

Wit, fun, experimentiveness, perception of the absurd and 
ridiculous ; disposed to joke and be merry, always laughing and 
making others laugh ; with imitation, are naturally comical ; with 
human nature and comparison added, will make fun by acting and 
showing off the absurdities of others; with amativeness and event¬ 
uality, take great delight in joking and relating stories about the 
other sex ; with adhesiveness, language, imitation and agreeable¬ 
ness, will be excellent company, especially at a party. Perverted : 
it becomes disagreeable, making fun without occasion, at any time 
or place ; with large combativeness and destructiveness, are sar¬ 
castic, always teasing and tantalizing, making enemies instead of 
friends ; if benevolence is deficient, will torment dumb animals, 
insects, etc. 

Causality.— 

Reasoning power, investigation, originality, comprehension ; 
ability to trace cause from effect ; must know the why and where¬ 
fore of everything : the planning, contriving, inventing and schem¬ 
ing faculty ; love of abstract thought ; ability to synthetize ; with 
large combativeness, love to argue ; with large perceptives, are 
quick to perceive facts, conditions and qualities ; with comparison 
and human nature, are fond of mental philosophy ; with con¬ 
scientiousness, veneration and benevolence added, will excel in 
moral philosophy; with only average human nature, large compar¬ 
ison, eventuality and perceptives, will be more inclined to natural 
philosophy, and will excel in the study of the natural sciences. 
Perverted : leads to excessive study and weariness of mind and 
body. 

Comparison.— 

Reasoning from analogy, induction ; ability to analyze, classify, 
compare and draw inferences ; disposition to criticise, illustrate ; 
observe similarities and dissimilarities at a glance ; with ideality 


23 


large, will use pleasing, figurative illustrations in speaking or writ¬ 
ing ; with a well-developed intellect, full of general and practical 
information, can speak in allegories and parables ; with large lan¬ 
guage, can explain things well. Perverted, notice the inconsistency 
and lack of harmony in persons and things too much. 

Eventuality.— 

Memory of names and facts ; recollection of general news, 
occurrences and passing events; retention of knowledge, ideas, and 
things once known or seen ; love of history and reading, and, with 
human nature large, biography ; with language and imitation, love 
to hear and relate stories ; with ideality, will be fond of fiction, 
thirst for knowledge, learn things easy, and are capable of becom- 
ing good literary scholars. Perverted : excessive reading, and 
crowding of the memory with things that are of no practical use, 
which eventually ruins the memory. 

Locality.— 

Recollection of places, roads and scenery ; ability to find places 
and things ; desire to travel ; intuitive perception of the where¬ 
abouts of a place ; know where to find an idea or statement in a 
book ; ability to find one’s way, either in the city or woods. The 
faculty used in the study of geography and astronomy. 

Individuality.— 

Observation, scrutiny ; desire to know all about things ; cog¬ 
nizance of individual objects, and perception of the qualities and 
conditions relative to them ; disposition to divide things into their 
primary elements or first principles ; desire to see and examine ; 
curiosity ; can judge of the value of a thing by its appearance. 
This faculty is used in selecting and buying grain, fruit, vegetables, 
dry goods, jewelry, and every kind of merchandise. It is the fac¬ 
ulty or window through which the mind recognizes the distinctive 
character of external and material objects, and mentally separates 
mixed and general thoughts into definite and distinct ideas. It is 
the medium through which most kinds of knowledge enter the 
mind. It is the organ through which magnetic impressions are 
produced upon the mind. With causality, will learn more by 
observation and experience than in any other way. Perverted : it 
causes persons to stare and pry into things that do not concern 
them; if in a public meeting, will turn the head to see who comes 
in ; with human nature, approbativeness and form, will notice their 
personal appearance, dress, etc.; and with comparison added, will 
compare their looks and dress with others. 


24 


Language.— 

The communication or expression of thoughts and ideas by 
words, looks and acts; ability to speak and write fluently; with 
comparison added, will use just the words required to convey the 
meaning ; with imitation, will be full of gestures in speaking ; if 
secretiveness is small and the perceptives good, can speak without 
much preparation ; but if secretiveness and cautiousness are large, 
often hesitate—will not be pointed, nor speak to the purpose. 
Perverted : verbosity and excessive talkativeness ; with appro- 
bativeness, will render one’s self annoying in company, by trying 
to do all the talking, and interrupt other persons before they are 
through speaking. 

Form.— 

Memory of faces, recollection of shape and things seen; per¬ 
ception of resemblance ; ability to judge of configuration ; with 
large ideality, will be delighted with beautiful forms, statuary, etc.; 
with large acquisitiveness, individuality and locality, readily detect 
counterfeits ; with adhesiveness, will be inclined to form partner¬ 
ships and join societies. When very large, causes one to see 
images floating in the air ; and, with color added, will, on pressing 
^the eyelids tightly together, see combinations of the most beauti¬ 
ful colors. 


Size.— 

Ability to judge of the size, length or distance of anything by 
the eye ; cognizance of bulk, magnitude, quantity, proportion ; 
readily detect any disproportion in architecture ; with construct¬ 
iveness, will have a good eye for mechanical work. Enables a 
person to determine when things are perpendicular and square. 
With locality, gives perspective knowledge and talent. 

Weight.— 

Perception of the laws of gravity, motion, mechanical force, 
balancing, climbing; possess great skill in skating, swimming, 
hurling, shooting and riding ; with constructiveness, can operate 
machinery well. When perverted, runs too much risk, by ventur¬ 
ing too far ; with acquisitiveness and approbativeness, will hazard 
one’s life by performing great public feats, such as walking across 
the Niagara on a rope, circus-riding, performing on a trapeze, etc. 

Color.— 

Discernment, recollection, application and love of colors ; ability 
to distinguish and harmonize their various tints and shades ; with 


25 


ideality and human nature, will be fond of fine portrait paintings; 
but with only average human nature and organic quality but large 
ideality and sublimity, will prefer scenic paintings. Perverted : 
over-nice about arranging and matching colors in dress, etc. 

Order.— 

Method, system, arrangement ; the desire and ability to put 
things, words, ideas and persons in their proper place readily; ob¬ 
serve confusion, and cannot endure it ; with locality, must have a 
particular place for everything ; with large time, must have things 
at the right time and season ; with calculation, acquisitiveness and 
causality added, have good business talents. Generals, presidents 
of societies, and leaders of any kind or organization require this 
faculty. 

Calculation.— 

Perception of numbers, ability to reckon figures in the head ; 
mental arithmetic, computation ; with causality and comparison, 
will excel in the higher branches of mathematics ; with large 
causality, perceptives, and deficient spirituality, believe only what 
can be seen, tested and proved beyond a doubt. 

Time.— 

Cognizance of duration and succession ; recollection of the 
seasons, and the time when things occurred ; memory of dates ; 
ability to keep time in music and dancing; with conscientiousness, 
will be particular to keep promises and fulfill engagements at the 
time appointed. 

Tune.— 

The music faculty; ability to learn and remember tunes by 
rote; harmony of sound, melody, modulation of the voice ; with 
large time, weight, ideality, amativeness and activity, will enjoy 
lively music and dancing very much ; with constructiveness, imita¬ 
tion and causality, will be a good performer, and make most kinds 
of instruments ; with large veneration and the organic quality, 
will enjoy sacred music. This faculty is very useful in elocution, 
as it assists one in pronunciation. 

VITATIVENESS.— 

Tenacity of life, desire to live ; ability to ward off sickness and 
disease ; disposition to guard against personal injury and danger ; 
resistance and dread of death ; with large animal propensities, will 
love life for the sake of worldly enjoyment ; with large moral and 


26 


religious faculties or organs, desire to live for the sake of doing 
good ; with an excess of conscientiousness, cautiousness, spiritu¬ 
ality, a deficiency of hope and an uncultivated intellect, will have 
an indescribable dread of entering upon a future state of existence; 
and with combativeness and firmness added, will resist death as 
long as strength permits. 

Altmentiveness.— 

Appetite, hunger, relish for food; with large benevolence, will 
set a splendid table; with adhesiveness, will invite friends to dinner 
or tea; with approbativeness and ideality added, will make great 
display at the table, love to attend tea meetings and any social 
gatherings where dinners or suppers are served; with fair caus¬ 
ality, constructiveness and perceptives, will make a good cook. 
Perverted : gluttony; apt to overload the stomach, and bring on 
dyspepsia. 

Bibativeness.— 

Love of water, desire to drink, fondness for liquids; ability to 
drink large quantities at a time; the washing, bathing, swimming 
and sailing faculty; with large weight, will be a good swimmer; 
with individuality, locality and size added, a natural seaman; with 
ideality added, will admire water prospects. 

Practicality.— 

Ability to gather knowledge and apply it to some useful end ; 
the matter-of-fact talent ; are quick to observe and take a hint; 
comprehend ideas and perceive the quality of things at a glance ; 
will condense and find the shortest way of saying and doing 
things; will put into practice every theory one advocates ; with 
human nature and the organic quality, can read well the character 
and motives of people. School teachers having this quality can 
apparently teach more than they know; while those who are de¬ 
ficient fail to impart the knowledge they possess. As practicality 
arises from the perceptive faculties, it naturally brings man into 
close relationship with everything of a physical nature, hence, if 
the spiritual faculties are deficient, he will be inclined to mate¬ 
rialism. 

Subterfuge.— 

Ability to shift and evade difficulties, questions and failures ; 
never fear emergencies ; are prolific in ways and means to accom¬ 
plish certain ends or purposes ; are liable to make mischief; apt to 


27 

be ironical and sarcastic ; have much self-assurance and* are in¬ 
clined to boast. 

Resistance.— 

Disposition to fight against and overcome difficulties; can face 
opposition of any kind ; ability to go up the stream rather than 
down, and stem the tide of opposition and adversity ; inclined to be 
revengeful, and feel like acting out the motto, “An eye for an eye, 
and a tooth for a tooth”; with a nervous temperament, are easily 
provoked over little things; and, with only average mirthfulness 
and agreeableness, generally cross. 

Business Capacity.— 

The ability to do, manage and carry on business; a natural tact 
for financial transactions ; discernment of business principles, and 
a desire to execute them; perception of the fitness and adaptation 
of certain things to certain ends; the desire and talent for money¬ 
making or the accumulation of property ; worldly enthusiasm, with 
a determination to possess, if possible, what the propensities like 
most, be it property or stock. Perverted : selfishness, and a tend¬ 
ency to make money dishonestly. 

Religious Nature.— 

That condition of heart and mind which inclines a person to a 
religious life ; obedience to Divine authority ; a disposition to 
readily accept the truths of the Gospel and the teachings of the 
Bible in general ; a willingness to be converted, and early yield to 
the influences of the Holy Spirit; a submissive, docile, believing 
and confiding spirit—that which brings man into relationship and 
communion with his Maker. A good and honest nature. 


How to Educate or Restrain any Faculty. 


To develope, enlarge and increase the power of any organ or 
faculty, it must be constantly exercised ; and to restrain, weaken 
or decrease any organ or faculty, all that is necessary is to neglect 
it, or use it in a less degree than it was previously exercised, 
according as the nature of the case may require. 

The excessive activity of any faculty may be modified, balanced, 
or counteracted, in its influence for evil, by the vigorous action 
of one or more other faculties ; and a deficient organ may likewise 
be aided by being associated in its action with some larger organ. 
The organ of veneration can be cultivated by the observance of the 
Sabbath—attending the sanctuary and prayer-meetings especially, 
taking part in religious exercises, submitting to authority, obeying 
laws, and treating old age and everything sacred with respect and 
due reverence. It can be restrained by taking just the opposite 
course. Spirituality can be cultivated by believing statements 
without proof or evidence, whether of a religious, social or business 
nature—by trusting, confiding, and acting upon the principle ’that 
every person is good and upright till you find them the reverse— 
by trying to predict future events, looking forward to the future, 
and living as much as possible in anticipation thereof. To restrain 
is to do just the opposite—be suspicious of every person or thing 
you meet or come in contact with, never believing without mathe¬ 
matical demonstration of the truth or correctness of anything, and, 
like doubting Thomas, treat all persons as impostors and rogues 
till you are sure they are true and honest ; in short, be skeptical in 
your manner; though I would not advise any one to be so in 
reality, unless such a person wishes to be one of the most miser¬ 
able and God-forsaken beings in the world. 

To cultivate continuity (an organ generally deficient in Amer- 
can heads) stick to one thing in life—one thing at a time ; have as 
few irons in the fire, or matters to attend to, as possible ; be less 
changeable ; when you commence a thing, aim to finish it before 
changing to something else ; give your undivided attention ; con¬ 
centrate your thoughts, your whole mind and energy, to one sub¬ 
ject, aim or pursuit. To restrain, be as changeable as the weather 



29 


is in Chicago—be like a bird in a tree, hopping from branch to 
branch, and never stay anywhere or do any one thing long ; be 
jack-of-all-trades and master of none. Do this constantly, and 
you will manage to get through the world without accomplishing 
much, and but few people will know there ever was such a being 
in it. 

To cultivate self-esteem, carry your head up when you walk ; 
think of yourself, remember you are made in the image of God, the 
noblest of all terrestrial beings ; never stoop to anything mean or 
low ; associate with those who have large self-esteem, and try to 
imbibe more of their spirit. Be particular in your habits; walk 
erect, sit erect, and stand erect, avoid low and inferior associates, 
be select in your company, and particular as to your personal 
appearance. Aim high and put on an air of respectability. To 
restrain, remember you are not the Lord himself, but only one of 
His creatures, and a sinful one at that—that there are better and 
smarter persons than you in the world—that you most likely think 
more of your own precious self than any other person thinks of 
you ; also, that you make yourself unlovable and offensive to others 
by trying to appear, in your way, superior to them. 

These illustrations will serve to show how all the organs can be 
improved or restrained. 


* 


THE CULTIVATION OF TASTE. 


THERE are many and diverse ways by which men and women 
may cultivate and develop their taste. But among them all one 
stands out prominently, and is superior to all others because of its 
cheapness, its easiness of access, its practicability, its results, and 
the improvement of the mind attending its practice. I refer to 
plain and ornamental penmanship, especially the latter. It may 
not be generally understood what faculties are necessary to make 
a good penman, so I will point out the essential qualifications. 
That ornamental and plain penmanship require different organiza¬ 
tions is proved by the fact that first-class talent for ornamental 
work and plain writing is never found in the same individual ; that 
is, the man who excels in flourishing and all kinds of fancy pen- 
work will not be quite so good in business writing, and he who 
excels in plain writing will not be so good at fancy work. First : 
What constitutes a plain or business penman ? The temperaments 
have as much to do with this as the organs or faculties. The bilious 
or motive temperament predominating is most essential ; it imparts 
a steady nerve and a clear, legible hand. The nervous tempera¬ 
ment, with a mixture of the feminine, is better—in fact, absolutely 
necessary—for a fine, beautiful, easy flowing hand ; the bilious 
would be too stiff and set. To be very ornamental requires a large 
amount of ideality—the same faculty that is required in poetry, 
painting, sculpture, and works of the imagination. Hence orna¬ 
mental penmanship is really a work of art. The faculties required 
to be a good plain writer, in addition to the temperament, are 
form, size, weight, constructiveness and individuality ; and for 
ornamental writing, the addition of ideality, sublimity, causality, 
comparison and locality, besides the necessity of considerable pa¬ 
tience, arising from continuity. 

The difference between plain and ornamental penmanship is 
this : The former is chiefly a mechanical process, while the latter 
is not only mechanical, but artistic. Form and constructiveness 
are the principal faculties required in plain writing. Form enables 
one to give the letters the proper shape, according to the principles 
from which every perfect letter is formed. Constructiveness 



3i 


gives one the ability to make them, and to use the pen with skill 
and dexterity. Size is a necessary organ in writing, otherwise 
our letters would not be even—some being larger and some 
smaller than the average ; so wherever we see writing in which 
the words and letters are irregular in size, we may conclude that 
the writer is deficient in that faculty. Weight is necessary to give 
balance to our writing, so that we have every word on the same 
angle. Individuality is essential, to make us observe minutely how 
every letter is made or formed. Locality teaches us the where¬ 
abouts of a letter—the point where the lines intersect. 

Imitation is not really essential to good writing, although it is 
frequently asserted by teachers that any one who can draw can 
write. It is a mistake. A person may be a good draughtsman, 
but not so good a penman, or he may be a good penman and not 
so good a draughtsman. But, considering the way writing is gen¬ 
erally taught in our public schools, imitation is not only essential, 
but indispensable, because they are simply taught to imitate a 
copy, and so far as one desires to imitate any system or style of 
writing that faculty is necessary. The Spencerian, or any of the 
leading systems of penmanship, would never have been given to 
the world through the faculty of imitation. It required originality 
of mind—inventive genius—to do that. So the proper method of 
teaching one to write is to thoroughly discipline, train and educate 
the hand and arm, so that persons will have a free, easy movement. 
This accomplished, they can form letters from any principle or 
system they wish ; and though they will naturally have their own 
peculiar hand, unlike any one else, they can write any style they 
choose. But when a pupil is simply taught to imitate his or her 
copy, and nothing more, they lack the first principles of writing, 
and fail in the most essential qualifications. 

In pen-drawing, however, imitation is an important organ 
Thus we see that, in practising penmanship, we not only become 
proficient in writing, but help to develop the very faculties we need 
most in every pursuit in life. Ornamental penmanship, however, 
will best develop the muscular movement, so necessary to easy and 
rapid writing ; and one month of such exercise will give a pupil 
better command of the pen than three months of the ordinary 
business exercises. 

The cultivation of taste is likewise another recommendation in 
favor of ornamental pen-work. People generally have little idea 
how much natural artistic talent and originality of mind is required 
to design and produce an elaborate and beautiful piece of penman- 


32 

ship. It requires a fine mind and temperament for the execution 
of such work. 

Granting that the practice of penmanship, in all its branches, 
will improve many of the faculties, as I have already stated, is it 
not better, and more economical, for parents and young people 
to take lessons from some good penman at home or at some first- 
class college, which would be far cheaper, and a more useful accom¬ 
plishment, than lessons in drawing or painting. Writing is not 
only useful, but really necessary. Drawing may be useful, but not 
necessary, unless a person intends following some business or pro¬ 
fession where a knowledge of it is required. 





✓cfif 




EXPLANATION. 


WHEN an organ is marked VERY LARGE, it indicates that it is 
extremely active, very powerful, governs the action of smaller or¬ 
gans, has a controlling influence over character, and is liable to 
perversion. 

Any organ or condition marked LARGE is similar to the above, 
only in a less degree. 

FULL is indicative of considerable strength and power, yet none 
to spare; with cultivation will accomplish much, but can never 
become really great in character or ability. 

AVERAGE has only a medium influence ; it is not a deficiency, 
still it has little power unless stimulated and aided by other 
faculties. 

SMALL means deficiency and weakness, and must be vigorously 
cultivated to accomplish anything. 

The perpendicular marks | are used to express what the heading 
indicates. 

Horizontal marks — running across the ruled lines, mean be¬ 
tween the two conditions the respective headings indicate. 






DESCRIPTION. 


CONDITIONS. 


Very Large. Large. Full. 


Average. 


Small. 


Restrain or 
Cultivate. 


Organic Quality, 
Size of the Brain, 
Health, 

Digestive Power, 
Vital Temperament, 
Motive “ 
Alental “ 
Sanguine “ 
Lymphatic “ 
Nervous “ 
Fibrous “ 
Osseous “ 
Caloric 11 
Passional “ 
E?notio?ial u 
Masculine “ 
Feminine “ 

A ctivity, 

Locomotion, 
Veneration 
Spirituality, 

Hope, 

Conscientiousness, 
Imitation, 
Benevolence, 
Fb'mness, 

Approbativeness, 

Self-Esteem, 

Continuity, 

Inhabitiveness, 

Adhesiveness, 

Amativeness, 

Conjugality, 

Parental Love, 






■ 
























DESCRIPTION. 


CONDITIONS. Very Large. Large. Full. Average. Small. 

'' -r--' 1 ■ ) - ’- 

Ardor, 

Combativeness, 

Destructiveness, 

Secretiveness, 

Acquisitiveness, 

Constructiveness, 

Ideality, 

Sublimity, 

Cautiousness, 

Mirthfulness, 

Causality, 

Comparison, 

Human Nature, 

Agreeableness, 

Eventuality, 

Locality, 

Individuality, 

Language, 

Form, 

Size, 

Weight, 

Color, 

Order, 

Calculation, 

Time, 

Tune, 

Aliment iveness, 

Bibativeness, 

Vitaiiveness, 

Practicality, 

Subterfuge, 

Resistance, 

' Business Capacity, 

Religious Nature, 


Restrain or 
Cultivate. 




































































•r 







♦ 


✓ 






























































































































































































